Total Lunar Eclipse
2004 October 28
Image
Analysis
Theodore Lunar
Observatory
Several Images have been measured using Image Analyst software to determine
the size of the umbral shadow and to investigate any change in umbral
size during the eclipse.
From a complete set of images taken by Willian Souza a
best fit and sixth order ploynomial curve in the Excel chart above
gives a good fit to the data and indicates a change in the measured
umbral size (Fi). This is due to the curvature of the Moon's surface
and possibly, change in its size during this eclipse. The expected
umbral semi-diameter (F2) was 0.679 degrees.

Measures of Willian Souza Images at 3h59m11s and 4h11m06s
(UT)
These images were somewhat difficult to measure due to
their small size and some minor changes in exposure,
but the result is good due to the large number of data
points provided.
In this series of images by Fred Espenak, several were
taken at longer exposure times which gave slightly reduced
measurements of Fi the semi-diameter of the umbra. The best fit
polynomial curve (black) shows a reduced umbral radius similar to
Suza's result above. Two of the measured images are shown below:

Measures of Fred Espenak's Images at 2h03m and 4h11m (UT)
These images were easy to measure due to their clarity
and size. Where some changes in exposure times were made these image
measures gave reduced values of Fi, but the overall result was good
due to the large number of data points provided by the 12 images.
The best fit line in the Excel chart above gives a fit
to the data, and also indicates a change in umbral size (Fi) during
this eclipse due to the curvature of the Moon's surface and possibly,
change in its size during this eclipse. More images from Norway are
required to provide an improved data set.
Produced by the Theodore Lunar
Observatory Australia 2004 November 24